Laws of Hajj
Pilgrims must adhere to certain principles to elevate the status of their Hajj to being accepted. These principles include following the essential pillars and rules of Hajj:
Four Obligatory (Fard) Acts of Hajj:
1. Entering Ihram: Declaring the intention for Hajj (Qiran, Ifrad, Tamattu, or only Umrah).
2. Recitation of Talbiyah: Proclaiming the chant for Hajj (Labbayka Allahumma Labbayk...).
3. Staying at the Plain of Arafat: Being present within the boundaries of Arafat on the 9th Dhul-Hijjah, from noon until sunset, even for a moment.
4. Tawaf al-Ziyarah: Performing circumambulation of the Kaaba between the dawn of the 10th Dhul-Hijjah and sunset of the 12th Dhul-Hijjah, preferably on the 10th.
Obligatory (Wajib) Acts of Hajj:
1. Wearing Ihram from designated Miqat points.
2. Performing Sa’i (walking between Safa and Marwah).
3. Conducting Sa’i after Tawaf.
4. Staying at Muzdalifah until Fajr.
5. Offering Maghrib and Isha prayers together at Muzdalifah.
6. Stoning Jamrat (pillars symbolizing Satan) on designated days.
7. Offering sacrifice and shaving or trimming hair.
8. Proper sequence in rituals like stoning, sacrifice, and Tawaf.
9. Performing farewell Tawaf for those residing outside Miqat.
Sunnah Acts of Hajj:
1. Tawaf al-Qudum: Performed by Qiran and Ifrad pilgrims.
2. Listening to sermons at Haram, Arafat, and Mina.
3. Staying at Mina on the 8th of Dhul-Hijjah and offering five prayers there.
4. Maintaining proper etiquettes when visiting the Kaaba and avoiding baseless beliefs, such as considering the Kaaba's inner components as mystical.
Common Mistakes During Hajj:
1. Improper intention during Tawaf at the wrong location.
2. Men and women mingling improperly at Arafat and Muzdalifah.
3. Incorrect stoning practices by targeting the top of pillars instead of their base.
4. Consumption of meat intended for expiation by wealthy individuals instead of distributing it among the poor.
5. Engaging in superstitions like placing stones in certain locations for extended life.
Obligatory Acts of Hajj (Fard):
Hajj is the largest assembly of humanity. More than two million Muslims from all around the world are corrently gathering in the holy city of Makka to perform Hajj. They focus on visiting the Kaaba, walking around it seven times and visiting many significant places of Hajj.
Muslims who are able both physically and financially are required to perform Hajj at least once in their lives. Hajj is a great opportunity to achieve forgiveness and blessings from Allah, the almighty. Abu Hurayra (Ra) narrated that the Prophet (pbuh) said, “Whoever performs Hajj and does not commit any obscenity or commit any evil will go back (free of) sin as on the day his mother bore him.” (Sahih Bukhari and Muslim).
Activities that must be performed in the Hajj are devided into two kinds. Fardh and wajib. Fard (Obligatory acts that one must perform. If they are not done, the pilgrim’s Hajj is not valid) are: 1. Ihram: Ihram is the intention of starting the acts of worship of Hajj. The word Ihram derived from Haram. Literally it means to enter into a sanctity which cannot be broken. According to Islamic shari’ah, Ihram means to enter into a state in which certain actions are not permissible. The pilgrim must enter into Ihram after cleansing the body, wearing the prescribed attire and making the intention, before crossing the designated Miqat.
Ihram is a state of purity, both in mind and body. Ihram situation oblige every one to not only wear simple white clothes which equates the rich and the poor, the governor and governed. It removes all semblance of social, cultural and political differences for the sake of equality before Allah. Ihram is also a reminder of the shroud that we will wear when we will depart this earth. After making the intention and entering into the state of Ihram pilgrims start to recite Talbiyah (Labbayka Allaahumma labbayk, labbayka laa shareeka laka labbayk. Inna al-hamd wa’l-ni’mata laka wa’l-mulk, laa shareeka lak (Here I am, O Allaah, here I am. Here I am, You have no partner, here I am. Verily all praise and blessings are Yours, and all sovereignty, You have no partner) and it is recited frequently throughout the pilgrimage. When a pilgrim starts reciting Talbiyah, everyting on his right and left, until the end of the land, including the rocks, or trees, or mud recites the Talbiyah. Sahl Ibn Sa'd (Ra) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "There is no Muslim who says the Talbiyah except that - on his right and left, until the end f the land, from here to there - the rocks, or trees, or mud say the Talbiyah." (Jame Tirmiji).
he 2nd Fard act of Hajj is Wuquf in Arafah. The word Wukuf means `silence or stop’. It's technical meaning is to stand for at least a moment in Arafah on 9th Dhul Hijjah (the last month of Islamic calendar). Hajj would be invalid if a pilgrim fails to spend the required time at Arafah. Staying for a moment in Arafah is a great act of worship. Allah (SWT) descends to the sky of the Duniya at the evening of the day of Arafah and boasts about pilgrims to the angels and says: ‘My slaves have come to Me, looking rough, from every deep valley hoping for My mercy, so if your sins were equivalent to the amount of sand or the drops of rain or like the foam on the sea I will forgive them.
So go forth My slaves! Having forgiveness and for what or who you have interceded for.’ (Musnad Bazzar).
The 3rd obligatory act of Hajj is performing Tawaaf (circumambulation of the Ka‘bah) Al-Ifaadhah. The word Tawaf means “to walk around” or “to encircle something”. Its technical meaning is to perform seven anti-clockwise circuits of the Kaaba. Tawaf starts from Hajr-e-Aswad in a counter clockwise direction. Time of Tawaaf Al-Ifaadhah begins after standing at ‘Arafah and Muzdalifah. If a man lifts his foot and sets it down for Tawaaf ten Hasanaat (good deeds) will be recorded for him, and ten Sayiaat (bad deeds) will be erased from his record, and he will be raised thereby ten degrees in status and after completing the Tawaaf he/she will achieve the reward which is equivalent to freeing a slave. Abdullah Ibn Umar reported that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said, “Whoever circles the Ka’bah seven times (ṭawāf) and prays two bowings (raka’at) will have a reward as if he has freed a slave. A man does not raise his foot and bring it back down except that ten good deeds will be written for him, ten bad deeds will be erased, and he will be raised by ten degrees.” (Musnad Ahmad).
Mandatory Acts of Hajj (Wajib):
Ihram
Ihram is the state of ritual purity a pilgrim must enter before starting the Hajj. It involves wearing two white unstitched sheets of cloth for men and modest, loose-fitting clothing for women. Before entering Ihram, it is recommended to perform Ghusl (a full body wash), trim nails, and remove unwanted body hair.
Intention
The first step of Ihram is to make the intention to perform Hajj. This should be done in the heart, with sincerity and devotion to Allah.
Talbiyah
Once the intention is made, the pilgrim should recite the Talbiyah, a prayer recited throughout the Hajj and Umrah in Islam. The Talbiyah goes as follows:
“Labbaik Allahumma Labbaik, Labbaika La Shareeka Laka Labbaik, Innal Hamda Wan-Ni’mata Laka Wal-Mulk, La Shareeka Lak”
Translation: “Here I am, O Allah, here I am! Here I am, there is no partner for You, here I am! Surely all praise, grace, and dominion are Yours, and You have no partners.”
Tawaf
Tawaf is circling the Kaaba seven times in a counterclockwise direction. It is the first of the Wajibat of Hajj.
Start of Tawaf
To start Tawaf, the pilgrim should approach the Kaaba and raise their hands to their ears, saying the Takbir (Allahu Akbar). Then, they should kiss or touch the Black Stone (if possible) and start the seven rounds of Tawaf.
Du’a
During Tawaf, the pilgrim can recite various supplications and prayers, such as the following:
“Rabbana atina fid-dunya hasanatan wa fil-akhirati hasanatan waqina adhaban-nar.” (Our Lord, give us good in this world and good in the hereafter and save us from the punishment of the Fire.)
“Rabbana hablana min azwajina wa dhurriyatina qurrata a’yunin waj’alna lil-muttaqina imama.” (Our Lord, grant us from among our wives and offspring comfort to our eyes and make us an example for the righteous.)
End of Tawaf
After completing the seven rounds of Tawaf, the pilgrim should cover their right shoulder with the Ihram sheet and perform two Rak’ahs of prayer behind the Maqam Ibrahim (a stone that bears the footprint of Prophet Ibrahim). This completes the Tawaf.
Start of Sa’
To start Sa’i, the pilgrim should climb the hill of Safa and face the Kaaba, raise their hands and say the Takbir. Then, they should recite the following supplication:
Hajj is the annual pilgrimage to Mecca that Muslims worldwide perform as a religious obligation. During the Hajj, pilgrims carry out several rituals, including the Sa’i, walking seven times between the hills of Safa and Marwa. Sa’i is a crucial part of Hajj in Islam and holds significant importance in Islam. In this article, we will explore the meaning of Sa’i and its significance during the Hajj pilgrimage.
Understanding Sa’i
Sa’i is the Arabic term for “to pursue or seek.” It is walking seven times between the hills of Safa and Marwa. These two hills are situated in Mecca and are about 450 meters apart. The act of Sa’i is performed after Tawaf, which is the circumambulation of the Kaaba, the holiest site in Islam.
The story behind Sa’i is rooted in Islamic history. It is believed that Hajar, the wife of Prophet Ibrahim (AS), was stranded in the desert with her infant son, Ismail (AS). In search of water, she ran between the hills of Safa and Marwa seven times until she found a spring known as Zamzam. The act of Sa’i commemorates Hajar’s struggle and her unwavering faith in Allah.
The story behind Sa’i is rooted in Islamic history. It is believed that Hajar, the wife of Prophet Ibrahim (AS), was stranded in the desert with her infant son, Ismail (AS). In search of water, she ran between the hills of Safa and Marwa seven times until she found a spring known as Zamzam. The act of Sa’i commemorates Hajar’s struggle and her unwavering faith in Allah.
Performing Sa’i during Hajj
The act of Sa’i is performed during the Hajj pilgrimage after Tawaf. Pilgrims start at the hill of Safa and recite the Takbir, a declaration of Allah’s greatness. They then proceed to walk towards Marwa, covering a distance of approximately 450 meters.
Once they reach Marwa, they recite the Takbir again and return towards Safa, walking another 450 meters. They continue this process seven times, ending at Marwa. Sa’i is performed in the state of Ihram, a state of spiritual purity that Muslims enter before performing the Hajj.
Significance of Sa’i
Sa’i is a crucial part of Hajj and holds immense significance in Islam. It commemorates Hajar’s unwavering faith in Allah and her struggle in the desert. It teaches Muslims the importance of patience, perseverance, and faith in Allah.
Sa’i is also a reminder of the importance of seeking and pursuing the truth. It symbolizes the search for water in the desert, a basic necessity of life. Muslims are reminded never to give up their pursuit of truth and righteousness, no matter how difficult the journey may be.
Sunnah Acts of Hajj
Hajj is a sacred pilgrimage that is mandatory for every non-disabled and financially capable Muslim to perform at least once in their lifetime. It comprises several rituals, some obligatory (wajib) while others recommended (Sunnah).
When it comes to the Sunnah of Hajj, there are many actions that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) performed during his Hajj, which Muslims are encouraged to emulate. However, it is difficult to determine an exact number of sunnah actions as they can vary depending on different scholarly opinions.
Generally speaking, the Sunnah of Hajj can be divided into two categories: those related to Ihram and those related to the actual performance of the Hajj rituals.
Some of the Sunnah related to the Ihram include taking a bath before entering Ihram, wearing the prescribed clothing of the Ihram, making the intention (niyyah) for Hajj or Umrah, reciting talbiyah, and avoiding prohibited acts such as cutting hair or nails.
As for the Sunnah related to the performance of the Hajj rituals, they include performing Tawaf around the Kaaba, walking briskly (ramal) during the first three rounds of Tawaf, performing two Rakat of prayer behind Maqam Ibrahim, walking between Safa and Marwah (sa’i), spending the night in Mina, throwing pebbles at the three Jamrat (pillars representing Satan), performing the sacrifice of an animal (Qurbani), and shaving or cutting hair after completing the Hajj.
While some scholars may differ on the exact number of Sunnah of Hajj, it is agreed upon that performing these recommended actions can earn a person extra reward and blessings from Allah. However, it is important to note that the focus should always be on fulfilling the obligatory aspects of Hajj before engaging in any recommended actions.
Procedure for Performing Hajj
he Hajj pilgrimage is a Fard (obligatory) act of worship in the sacred city of Makkah for able-bodied Muslims. This spiritual pilgrimage allows us to get closer to Allah, seek His Marcy, refresh our Iman, and much more. Every year, the main events of Hajj are observed, spanning from the 8th to the 13th Dhul Hijjah. This year Hajj will start on 13th June and end on 19th June 2024.
If you are fortunate enough to do Hajj this year, we highly recommend you know how to perform Hajj before you go for Hajj. It will help you do all the Hajj rituals rightly without making mistakes. This blog will highlight the things to do on Hajj step by step. Keep reading!
Types of Hajj
Hajj may have three types- Tamattu, Qiran, and Ifrad. Each of them has its own rituals. Depending upon the type of Hajj, pilgrims should perform the rites.
1. Tamattu Hajj
Hajj Tamattu involves complete Umrah and Hajj.It is performed during the Hajj days of Dhul Hijjah.Sacrifice is mandatory.
After performing tawaf and Sa’i in Umrah, pilgrims get a temporary release from Ihram.
After the break, the pilgrim re-enters the state of Ihram from the 8th of Dhul Hijjah to perform the Hajj rituals.
2. Qiran Hajj
Hajj Qiran combines Umrah and Hajj without any break.
Offering Sacrifice is obligatory.
Pilgrims enter the state of Ihram and perform both Umrah and Hajj rituals continuously.
Recommended for those who can sustain the state of Ihram for an extended period.
3. Ifrad Hajj
Hajj Ifrad focuses solely on performing the rituals of Hajj only.
Performing Umrah isn’t part of this Hajj.
Doesn’t require animal sacrifice.
Note: Among these three kinds of Hajj, Hajj-E-Tamattu is the best option, as our Prophet Muhammad ﷺ performed this with his companions (RA) in the Farewell Hajj. So, if you intend to perform Hajj, we recommend you make Tamattu Hajj.
Hajj Preparation
Before you depart for Hajj, make sure you do the following things.
Decide first which type of Hajj you will do.
Complete your Hajj trip procedure, such as managing a government-certified Hajj agency, plane ticket, hotel where you will live in Saudi Arabia, etc.
For women, you must bring your Mahram men with you.
Learning the Hajj rituals and struggles you may face is necessary before you go.
Step-by-Step Guide on How to Do Hajj:
Now we’ll break down the key rituals of Hajj and ways to perform these holy activities in a hierarchical method, including the time of doing these. Now, we’ll explain all the essential steps of Hajj.
Step 1: Niyyah (Intention)
Make your Niyyah before you start your journey for Hajj. It’s important to intend sincerely within your heart. The intention must be performed for the sake of Allah alone, with a desire to get rewarded hereafter, not for worldly things.
Step 2: Enter Ihram
Ihram is a state of purity (both physically and mentally) that pilgrims must enter before reaching the Hajj boundary, aka Miqat. Ihram is basically the intention to do Hajj or Umrah, or both. There are some specific rules and restrictions of Ihram. Before knowing that, let’s learn about Miqat first.
2.1 Miqat or Meeqat
There are five miqat points, and each has its specific boundary known as the miqat line. The meeqat points are as follows-
1. Dhu’l-Hulayfah or Abyar ‘Ali: This miqat is located approximately 424 kilometers (263 miles) north of Mecca, and it is the miqat for those coming from the direction of Madinah.
2. Al-Juhfah: This meeqat is situated near Rabigh, about 179 kilometers (111 miles) northwest of Makkah. It serves as the miqat for those coming from the direction of Palestine, Syria, Jordan, Sudan, Egypt, Morocco, and other areas in the north.
3. Yalamlam or Sa’adiyah: This miqat is situated around 105 kilometers (65 miles) to the southeast of Makkah. It serves as the meeqat for those coming from the direction of Yemen, Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh.
4. Qarn al-Manazil or As-Sail Al-Kabeer: This miqat is located approximately 82 kilometers (51 miles) to the northeast of Makkah. It is the miqat for those coming from the direction of Taif, Najd, UAE, Malaysia, Singapore, Australia, etc.
5. Dhat ‘Irq: This meeqat is located approximately 110 kilometers (68 miles) northeast of Makkah. It is the miqat for those coming from the direction of Iraq, Iran, and other areas in the east.
When pilgrims reach any of these meeqat points or their respective miqat lines, they must enter the state of ihram. To enter the Ihram state, they must perform the required rituals and wear the prescribed Ihram clothing.
2.2 Clothing of Ihram
Men entering the state of ihram wear two white, unsewn pieces of cloth. One piece covers the upper body, and the other is wrapped around the waist, covering the lower body. But don’t cover the head.
Women do not have specific clothing requirements to enter the state of ihram. They should wear modest attire that adheres to Islamic guidelines, like loose clothes. They shouldn’t cover their faces with Niqab unless non-mahram men are seeing them.
Sandal is allowed for both males and females.
This simple attire removes distinctions of wealth, status, and individuality, fostering a sense of equality among pilgrims.
2.3 Before Entering Ihram, Consider the Following Things
If needed, you can trim your hair and mustache and clip your nails before entering Ihram condition. You can take a shower too.
Wear the Ihram clothes.
If you’ve already entered the miqat point but forgot to enter into the Ihram state, you must exit and re-enter the Makkah or sacrifice a sheep as punishment.
Recite the following dua according to the Hajj you have intended-
Hajj Type : Dua :Meaning of the Dua
Tamattu:Labbayk Allahumma bi ‘Umrah:Here I am, O Allah, for ‘Umrah
Qiran:Labbayk Allahumma bi Hajjah wa ‘Umrah:Here I am, O Allah, for Hajj and ‘Umrah
Ifrad:Labbayk Allahumma Hajjan :Here I am, O Allah, for Hajj
After that pilgrims should say, “Allaahumma hadhihi hijjah la riya-a fiha wa la sum’ah”.
Meaning of the dua: O Allah, this is a pilgrimage in which there is no showing off or seeking reputation.
2.4 Things to Consider after Entering Ihram
Men are prohibited from trimming or removing their hair after Ihram. Women, however, may trim a small portion of their hair if required.
The use of scented products, including perfumes, is prohibited in Ihram.
Pilgrims are not allowed to hunt or kill any land animals while in ihram.
Sexual relations is not permitted during the period of Ihram.
Engaging in disputes, arguments, or any form of violence is discouraged during the state of ihram.
After entering the Ihram state, you are not allowed to do any sins. Even it is forbidden to hurt others by words.
Allah Subhanhu Wa Ta’Ala says in the Quran,
“So whosoever intends to perform Hajj therein (by assuming Ihram), then he should not have sexual relations, nor commit sin, nor dispute unjustly during the Hajj.” [Sura Al-Baqarah, 2: 197]
Step 3: Recite Talbiya
Once you are in Ihram, you should recite Talbiya frequently. The Talbiya have come in different words in dissimilar hadith. But the most pronounced Talbiya words are-
لَبَّيْكَ اللَّهُمَّ لَبَّيْكَ، لَبَّيْكَ لَا شَرِيكَ لَكَ لَبَّيْكَ، انَّالْحَمْدَ، وَالنِّعْمَةَ، لَكَ وَالْمُلْكَ، لا شَرِيكَ لَك
Transliteration: Labbayk Allaahumma labbayk, labbayk laa shareeka laka labbayk, ‘innal-hamda, wanni’mata, laka walmulk, laa shareeka laka
Meaning: “Here I am O Allah, here I am. Here I am. You have no partners (other gods). To You alone is all praise and all excellence, and to You is all sovereignty. There is no partner to You.” [Sahih Muslim]
Men should say Talbiya words loudly. And women will recite it softly so non-mahram men can’t hear their voices.
Note:
It’s recommended to take a bath before you enter the city of Makkah as our Allah’s Messenger ﷺ did that as narrated in Sahih Muslim.
First Day of Hajj (8th Dhul Hijjah): Tarwiyah Day
Step 4: Perform Tawaf
Tawaf means circling the house of Allah (aka Kaaba) seven times. Begin at the Black Stone to Yamani Corner at anti-clockwise rotation.
Perform Tawaf 7 times. This Tawaf is called Tawaf Al Qudum.
Men will perform the first three rounds faster and the remaining four rounds slower. But women will complete all Tawaf with a usual walk.
While doing Tawaf, touch and kiss the sacred Black stone as a sunnah practice.
After that, pray in Maqam E Ibrahim.
Also, drink water from the Zamzam.
Note: Menstruating women should avoid Tawaf.
Step 5: Perform Sa’i
Sa’i refers to walking between the hills of Safa and Marwa seven times. This is a historical Hajj ritual that came from the sacrifice of the Hajar (AS), the wife of Prophet Ibrahim (AS). She ran between these two hills in search of water for the infant son Ismail (AS); in the meanwhile, the Zamzam well was created due to Allah’s will.
After the end of Sa’i, the Umrah, which is also the first part of the Hajj Tamattu rituals, is completed. Now you are out of Ihram temporarily. So, you can wear normal clothes and trim or shave your head.
Note: If you are doing Ifrad Hajj, your Hajj rituals will start now. And those who are doing Qiran Hajj should have in Ihram state till the Hajj end without any break.
Step 6: Head to Mina
On the first day of Hajj, offer Fajr prayer in Makkah and then proceed to Mina city, which is almost 8 kilometers away from Makkah.
Before starting your journey to Mina, re-enter Ihram state.
During travelling to Mina, pilgrims should say Talbiya words frequently, as mentioned above.
In Mina, pilgrims will offer the following five obligatory prayers- Dhuhr, Asr, Magrib, Isa, and Fajr.
Pilgrims will stay overnight on the first day of Hajj in Mina.
Second Day of Hajj (9th Dhul Hijjah): Arafah Day
Step 7: Arrive at Arafah
On the second day of Hajj, pilgrims will pray the Fajr prayer in Mina and then leave there for Arafah after sunrise.
On the second day of Hajj, pilgrims will pray the Fajr prayer in Mina and then leave there for Arafah after sunrise.
When travelling from Mina to Arafah, recite Talbiya and Takbeer (Allahu Akbar) as much as possible.
You must arrive at the plains of Arafah before the starting time (Zawaal) of the Dhuhr prayer.
The Imam will give Khutbah in Masjid-E-Namirah.
After that, pilgrims will offer Dhuhr and Asr prayers combinedly as a Sunnah practice.
Then stay on the plain of Arafah until sunset by remembering Allah, special supplication for forgiveness, and other good deeds.
Don’t pray the Maghrib prayer in Arafah. After sunset, move for Muzdalifah.
Arafah is a Mount that is situated almost 20 kilometers east of Makkah. And the distance between Mina and Arafah is around 15 kilometres.
The day of Arafah is a special day for Muslim Ummah. On Arafah Day, Allah (SWT) forgives the sins and frees lots of people from the Hellfire. Prophet Muhammad ﷺ gave a final sermon in Farewell Hajj on the day of Arafah. If you are not doing Hajj, it’s Sunnah to fast on this day.
Ummul Mu’minin Aisha (RA) narrated a hadith from Allah’s Messenger ﷺ: “There is no day on which Allah frees more people from the Hellfire than the Day of ‘Arafah.” [Sahih Muslim]
Note: Whether you’re doing Hajj or not, there is a special good deed to do for everyone. Say Takbeer after each obligatory prayer. It starts on the 9th of Dhul Fajr and ends on the 13th of Dhul Hijjah Asar.
The words of Takbeer are- Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, La ilaha illallah, Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, wa lillahil Hamd (Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest, there is no God except Allah, Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest, and all praise belongs to Allah).
Step 8: Proceed to Muzdalifah
When travelling to Muzdalifah, recite Talbiya and Takbeer frequently.
After reaching Muzdalifah, pray Maghrib and Isha prayer combinedly on Isha times as a Sunnah practice.
Pilgrims will stay overnight on the second day of Hajj in Muzdalifah until the next day’s sunrise.
Pray and offer special supplication to Allah (SWT) as much as you can at night.
Before leaving Muzdalifah, take 7, 49, or 70 (usually 7) pebbles for the 3rd day of Hajj activities for Jamaarat.
You can supplicate the following duas during staying there-
أَكْبَرُ (Allaahu ‘Akbar)
لاَإِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ (Laa ‘ilaaha ‘illallaah)
أَللّهُ أَحَدٌ (Allaahu ‘Ahad )
Abdullah ibn Umar (RA) narrates a hadith,
“The Prophet ﷺ offered the Maghrib and ‘Isha prayers together at Muzdalifah with a separate Iqamah (second call to prayer) for each of them and did not offer any optional prayer in between them or after each of them.” [Sahih Bukhari]
Third Day of Hajj (10th Dhul Hijjah): First Day of Eid
Step 9: Stoning to Jamarah Al-Aqabah
After offering Fajr prayer the next morning, depart Muzdalifah for Mina.
When coming to Mina from Muzdalifah, pilgrims should recite Talbiya.
After reaching Mina, pilgrims will do Ramy by throwing seven pebbles they collected before at the Jamarah Al-Aqabah (biggest stone walls).
Before starting Ramy, stop saying Talbiya.
During throwing each pebble, say Allahu Akbar (Allah is the greatest).
This practice of pebble-throwing at the devil originated from Prophet Ibrahim (AS). Shaytan tried to hinder the sacrifice attempt of Prophet Ibrahim (AS) thus he threw stones at the cursed Shaytan.
Step 10: Nahr (Sacrifice)
Now, pilgrims will proceed to sacrifice Udhiya (Qurbani) animals. You can slaughter personally or appoint someone on behalf of you to sacrifice.
Recite the dua mentioned below during Sacrifice-
بِسْمِ اللهِ واللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُمَّ مِنْكَ ولَكَ اللَّهُمَّ تَقَبَّلْ مِنِّي
Transliteration: Bismillaahi wallaahu ‘Akbar [Allaahumma minka wa laka] Allaahumma taqabbal minnee
Note: Sacrificing the animal isn’t part of Ifraad Hajj.
Step 11: Halq or Taqsir
After sacrifice, you have to shave your head fully or trim the hair partially.
Now you are temporarily out of Ihram state.
So, you can wear the usual dresses but can’t go for intimacy with spouses.
Step 12: Go for Sa’i and Perform Tawaf
Now go to Masjid al-Haram (Kaaba) to make Tawaf al-Ifarad as before.
Then perform two Raka’h prayers in Makam E Ibrahim.
Also, pray the Dhuhr Salah in Kaaba as Allah’s Messenger ﷺ did it.
Then perform Sa’i to Safa and Marwa.
Now drink Zamzam water.
After that, return to Mina and spend the night there.
Fourth Day of Hajj (11th Dhul Hijjah): Second Day of Eid
Step 13: Ramy Al Jamarat
Offer Dhuhr salah in Mina, then proceed on three Jamarah.
You have to throw 21 pebbles on three Jamarat.
First, throw seven pebbles on Jamarat-ul-Oola (small Jamarah). During throwing all the pebbles, say Allahu Akbar.
Then do the same for Jamarat-ul-Wusta (middle Jamarah).
Finally, throw pebbles in the Jamarah Al-Aqabah (biggest Jamarah).
After completing Ramy (throwing pebbles), stay the night in Mina.
Fifth Day of Hajj (12th Dhul Hijjah): Third Day of Eid
Step 14: Stoning to Shaytan Then Go to Makkah for Final Tawaf
Like the second day of Eid, perform the Dhuhr prayer in Mina then throw (Ramy) pebbles to Shaytan.
After performing Ramy, depart Mina for Makkah before the sunset of 12th Dhul Hijjah. If you still stay in Mina, you must remain there until the following day.
If you go to Makkah, perform Tawaf-E-Wida (final Tawaf), but entering Ihram isn’t necessary.
No need to perform Sa’i.
After that, offer two Raka’h prayers in Maqam E Ibrahim.
Ibn Abbas (RA) narrated a Hadith,
“The people were ordered to perform the Tawaf al-Wida as the last thing before leaving (Makkah), except the menstruating women who were excused.“ [Sahih Bukhari]
Through this, the essential Hajj rituals are completed.
Sixth Day of Hajj (13th Dhul Hijjah): Only for Those Who are Still in Mina
Step 15: Ramy Al Jamarat and Tawaf E Wada
If you are still in Mina on the 13th of Dhul Hijjah you have to throw stones at Shaytan again.
Then leave for Makkah and perform Tawaf-E-Wada in Kaaba.
Also, perform two Rakah prayers in Maqam E Ibrahim.
No Sa’i is required today.
Congratulations on completing all the Hajj rituals. Now you can leave Makkah. But don’t forget to maintain the Hajj ends spirituality.
Common Mistakes Pilgrims Do During Hajj
Now we’ll highlight some mistakes that some pilgrims make while performing Hajj. You should be aware of these.
Making dua by shouting in unison
Designated specific dua for different rounds during Tawaf.
Thinking of Jamarat as Shaytan.
Cutting hair after Sa’i.
Leaving Arafah before sunset.
Doing multiple Umrah.
Selfies/Velfies
Visiting Madina as part of Hajj.
Becoming excessively attached to material possessions or indulging in unnecessary expenses.
Compensation and Expiation (Kaffarah)
What is the difference between kaffarah and kaffarah for oath?
If you deliberately break a fast without a valid reason, during the month of Ramadan or for breaking a promise/oath, you must pay kaffarah. Both require a penalty to be paid.
The amount paid for each missed fast is the equivalent of feeding 60 people. Therefore, for each missed/intentionally broken fast you must pay $300.
The amount paid in kaffarah for oath for each broken promise/oath is the equivalent of feeding 10 people. As a result, this amounts to $50 for each broken promise.
What is the difference between kaffarah and fidya?
If you deliberately break a fast without a valid reason, you must pay kaffarah. However, fidya (fidyah) is only paid if you miss a fast but have a valid reason to do so and are unable to make up the fast at any other time in the future. The amount paid for each missed fast is the equivalent of feeding 60 people. However, when paying fidya, the payment for each missed fast is equivalent to feeding 1 person.
What is kaffarah in Islam?
It must be paid for fasts deliberately broken in Ramadan.
When to pay kaffarah?
It can be paid at any time throughout the year. You must pay if you have knowingly broken any fasts during the holy month of Ramadan unnecessarily.
Intentions for Each Type of Hajj:
Millions of Muslims around the world are preparing to embark on the most important journey of their lives – Ḥajj; the major pilgrimage to the blessed land of Makkah Al-Mukarramah.
As previously mentioned regarding having multiple intentions whilst reciting the Qur’ān in Ramaḍān,[1] our beloved Prophet (sall Allāhu ʿalayhi wa sallam) said, “Verily actions are but by intentions, and every person shall have (be rewarded for) what they intended.”[2]
Maximising the intentions was the trade of the hearts of the sahābah (raḍiy Allāhu ʿanhum), the scholars, and those who know Allāh very well. They would carry out a single action for which they would have many intentions, so that they could be rewarded abundantly for every intention. It is due to this that Yahya b. Abī Kathīr said, “The intention reaches further than the action.”
Below, we look at some intentions that could multiply our reward during this blessed journey. Feel free to add more in the comments below.
Intentions specifically pertaining to the journey and act of Hajj
1. First and foremost, we intend to fulfil the obligation upon all able believers to complete the fifth pillar of Islām. Allāh says in the Qur’ān:
“… And Ḥajj (pilgrimage to Makkah) to the House (Ka‘bah) is a duty that mankind owes to Allāh, those who can afford the expenses (for conveyance, provision and residence); and whoever disbelieves (i.e. denies Ḥajj, then he is a disbeliever of Allāh), then Allāh stands not in need of any of the ʿAlamīn (mankind and jinn).”[3]
We know there can be no better way of drawing nearer to Allāh except by fulfilling the obligatory acts.
2. We intend to attain the pleasure of Allāh, and His pleasure alone. We should continuously renew this intention during our journey as well, for sincerity in our worship is conditional to its acceptance.
3. Set upon the journey intending to sincerely repent. Allāh says in the Qur’ān:
“Most certainly I am All-Forgiving to those who repent, cherish true faith and do good works and thus become rightly guided.”[4]
Not only might our repentance be accepted, but we are rewarded for making it. Allāh loves those who turn to Him in repentance.
4. Intend to attain Allāh’s forgiveness of all of our past sins. The Prophet (sall Allāhu ʿalayhi wa sallam) said: “He who came to this House (the Ka’bah) (with the intention of performing Ḥajj) without speaking or committing indecencies, would return (free from sin) as on the day his mother bore him.”[5].
This is different to the intention mentioned prior to it, although the end result may be the same – there is still amazing reward in carrying both intentions.
5. Intend to attain Jannah. The Prophet (sall Allāhu ʿalayhi wa sallam) said: “From one ʿUmrah to another is expiation for what is between them and Ḥajj Mabrūr has no reward except Paradise.”[6]
Ḥajj Mabrūr, or an accepted Ḥajj, is one that is performed with sincerity and in accordance with the authentic Sunnah of the Prophet (sall Allāhu ʿalayhi wa sallam) with halāl money and avoiding sins and evil deeds during the journey.
6. Intend to follow the Sunnah of the Prophet (sall Allāhu ʿalayhi wa sallam). We can only perform Ḥajj by following the Sunnah, as it is he who taught us the correct rituals and acts on this blessed journey. We could attain even greater reward simply by intending to follow his Sunnah.
7. Intend to attain accepted duʿā’s, by supplicating to Allāh throughout the journey, and in particular when standing at ʿArafah.
“There is no day on which Allāh frees people from the Fire more so than on the day of ʿArafah. He comes close to those (people standing on ʿArafah), and then He praises them to His Angels, saying, ‘What are these people seeking?”[7]
The Prophet (sall Allāhu ʿalayhi wa sallam) said that the best supplication to make when standing on the day of ʿArafah is:
“None has the right to be worshipped except Allāh, alone, without partner. To Him belongs sovereignty and all praise and He is over all things omnipotent.”[8]
Seek to make this supplication frequently on that day to attain its reward.
8. Intend to answer the call of Ibrāhīm (ʿalayhi al-Salām). Upon completion of the Ka’bah, Allāh commanded him to call the people to Ḥajj, to which he asked: “O Allāh! How shall my voice reach all of those people?” Allāh told him that his duty was only to give the call and it was up to Allāh to make it reach the people.
Ibrāhīm (ʿalayhi al-Salām) then climbed Mount ʿArafat and called out in his loudest voice, “O People! Verily Allāh has prescribed upon you Ḥajj, so perform Ḥajj.”[9]
Allāh says:
“And proclaim to the people the Ḥajj. They will come to you on foot and on every lean camel, they will come from every distant pass.”[10]
Intentions pertaining to being in the haramain and their vicinity
9. Intend to drink Zamzam water, seeking its many benefits:
1. Healing: “The water of Zamzam is for whatever it is drunk for.”[11] One of the salaf used to drink with the intention of it quenching his thirst on the Day of Judgement.
2. Striving not to be from the hypocrites: “The difference between us and the hypocrites is that they do not drink Zamzam to their full stomach.”[12]
10. Intend to be from those who fulfil the command of the Prophet (sall Allāhu ʿalayhi wa sallam) when he mentioned that if you are to travel to any mosque, travel to one of the three of al-Masjid al-Haram, the Prophet’s mosque, and al-Aqsa.
11. Intend to attain the reward of 100,000 prayers by praying in the haram in Makkah, and 1,000 by praying in the Prophet’s masjid, many times over,[13]
12. Intend to attain the amazing rewards associated with Masjid al-Haram that cannot be attained elsewhere, such as tawāf; the Prophet (sall Allāhu ʿalayhi wa sallam) said: “Whoever circumambulates (the Ka‘bah) seven times, counting them, and then prays two rakʿahs (after tawāf) it will be equivalent to his freeing a believing slave.
The Prophet (sall Allāhu ʿalayhi wa sallam) also said, with regard to touching the Black Stone and Yemeni Corner in tawāf: “Touching them erases sins.”[14]Of course one should only attempt this if it does not cause harm to themselves or others.
13. Intend, if possible, to pray 2 rakaat in the area known as al-Rawdah in the Prophet’s masjid, for the Prophet (sall Allāhu ʿalayhi wa sallam) said: “The area between my house and my minbar is one of the gardens of Paradise, and my minbar is on my cistern (hawd)”[15]
14. Although we are not travelling to Madīnah specifically for this purpose, whilst there – intend to attain the reward for praying 2 rakaat in Masjid Quba, as the Prophet (sall Allāhu ʿalayhi wa sallam) said: “Whoever purifies himself in his house then comes to the mosque of Quba and prays there, he will have a reward like that for ʿUmrah.”[16]
15. Whilst in Madīnah, intend to visit the graves of our beloved Prophet (sall Allāhu ʿalayhi wa sallam), Abū Bakr, ʿUmar, and those in al-Baqī’ (raḍiy Allāhu ʿanhum) in order to send salāms upon them and make duʿā’ for them. Let these visits be a lesson and reminder of the Ākhirah for us too.
16. In Madīnah, travel to see Mount Uḥud, the martyrs buried there, and intend to remember the events which took place there and take admonition from them, remembering the need to be steadfast upon what the Prophet (sall Allāhu ʿalayhi wa sallam) has commanded us to do. It was about this mountain that the Prophet (sall Allāhu ʿalayhi wa sallam) said: “Verily, the mountain of Uḥud loves us and we love it.”[17]
General intentions one can make in performing Ḥajj
17. Intend for this journey to be first step in improving one’s relationship with Allāh, for this life-changing experience permanently improves our rank with Allāh. Let us keep reminding ourselves of the amazing ḥadīth qudsi in which Allāh said of His servant: “If he draws near to Me a hand’s length, I draw near to him an arm’s length. And if he comes to Me walking, I run towards him.”[18]
18. Intend for it to be an opportunity to learn more about our beautiful and perfect dīn, through performing the Ḥajj itself as well as through sitting with scholars and listening attentively to their lessons and advice, implementing that which we learn and expanding upon this learning once we return.
19. Intend for it to be a means of renewing and strengthening our relationship with the Qur’ān; ask Allāh that He returns us to our homes far closer to the Qur’ān than before the journey, so that we may increase in its recitation, reflection of its verses and implementation of its rulings.
20. Intend to make ourselves used to being in state of remembrance through constant dhikr during the journey, taking advantage of the blessed environment, so much so that this dhikr becomes a permanent coat of armour for us in every place we visit, at every time.
21. As part of the constant dhikr mentioned, intend to take full advantage of the many opportunities to make duʿā’ at blessed times, such as whilst travelling, during the last third of the night, whilst in prostration and the hour of answered duʿā’ on Fridays. One ḥadīth highlighting such an opportunity is when the Prophet (sall Allāhu ʿalayhi wa sallam) said about Fridays: “On this day there is an hour when no Muslim slave stands and prays and asks Allāh for something, but Allāh will give it to him.”[19] Imagine making duʿā’ in this hour whilst performing Ḥajj.
This blessed hour is thought to be the final hour before Maghrib on Fridays according to many scholars.
22. Intend to increase in gratitude to Allāh for His countless blessings upon us; that fact that He chose us to be amongst His slaves, and to make this journey. Furthermore, when in such a large gathering of people from all over the world, remind ourselves of how blessed we are with our health and wealth compared to so many others – and increase further in gratitude.
23. Intend to be in the company of believers and strengthen the bonds of brotherhood, learning from the best of our fellow travellers. Often the friendships made over Ḥajj, friendships made for the sake of Allāh, are the strongest and most beneficial and should remind us of the need to keep good company at all times.
24. Intend to increase in patience and humility; the journey will undoubtedly be testing for us, which presents the perfect opportunity to seek the virtue of the quality of patience. We will need to conquer anger and restlessness, discomfort and tiredness, repeatedly through the journey. We should intend that this experience be a means to make a permanent improvement in ourselves, to become less fussy, knowing we can handle anything after Ḥajj.
25. Intend to walk in the footsteps of our Salaf, reflecting over their lives as a means to inspire ourselves to change and improve our own lives.
26. Intend to detach our hearts from the desires of this dunya and firmly attach our hearts to the Ākhirah – through constant remembrance, standing at ʿArafah, seeing the graves, etc., the whole experience should be a means to return to our homes with our hearts seeking the Ākhirah rather than the dunya.
27. Use the journey to see how far we have fallen as an ummah, and intend to come back from it with a new mind-set, realising that the condition of the ummah can only be improved by each of us doing our part to improve ourselves, our families and our communities – seek to bring back honour to the believers by way of any small action we are able to do.
These are just some intentions one can have in embarking on the blessed journey of Ḥajj. Let us strive to possess them all (and even more), and attain the ultimate success of this journey through them that is Allāh’s pleasure.
We pray that Allāh grants us an accepted Ḥajj – Amīn.