In Islam, fasting during the month of Ramadan is obligatory for all adult Muslims who are physically able to fast. However, there are specific exemptions for certain individuals:
- Children: Fasting is not obligatory for children who have not yet reached puberty. Many children, however, might try partial fasting or get accustomed to fasting to prepare for adulthood.
- Elderly: Older individuals who are physically weak or unable to fast due to health conditions are exempt. If they are unable to fast, they do not have to make up for the missed fasts.
- Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women: Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding are exempt from fasting if it is difficult or harmful for them to do so. These women should make up for the missed fasts later, unless they are unable to due to ongoing health conditions.
- Travelers: Muslims who are traveling are allowed to break their fasts during the journey. They must make up for the missed fasts later once they are back home and settled.
- Physically Ill: Those who are suffering from illness, whether temporary or chronic, are exempt from fasting. If the illness is temporary, they must make up the missed fasts later. For chronic illnesses where fasting is impossible, they may offer a compensatory act of charity (fidya) for each missed fast.